What condition is characterized by inflammation of the appendix?

The condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix is appendicitis. This occurs when the appendix becomes blocked, leading to swelling, inflammation, and can potentially result in infection. Symptoms of appendicitis often include abdominal pain, especially in the lower right quadrant, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes fever.

The other conditions listed do not involve the appendix. Diverticulitis refers to inflammation of diverticula, which are small pouches that can form in the colon. Gastritis involves inflammation of the stomach lining, while cholecystitis is the inflammation of the gallbladder. Each of these conditions affects different parts of the digestive system and presents different symptoms, highlighting the specific nature of appendicitis concerning the appendix.