What is the term used to describe the violent shaking of the brain?

The term that describes the violent shaking of the brain is "concussion." A concussion is a type of brain injury that is typically caused by a blow to the head or by a violent shaking of the head and body, leading to temporary disruption of normal brain function. It can result in a range of symptoms, including confusion, headaches, and loss of consciousness, among others. This definition aligns perfectly with the characteristics of a concussion, making it the correct choice for this question.

The other terms listed have different meanings and are used in different contexts. For example, contusion refers specifically to a bruise or bleeding within the brain tissue itself, resulting from direct impact or trauma, rather than the general shaking mechanism. Edema pertains to the swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues, which can occur in the brain after an injury but is not synonymous with the violent shaking. The term injury is a broader category that encompasses various types of harm, but it does not specifically define the condition of violent shaking of the brain. Therefore, "concussion" is the most accurate term in this context.