What surgical procedure involves the removal of the adenoids?

The surgical procedure that involves the removal of the adenoids is indeed adenoidectomy. This procedure specifically targets the adenoid tissue, which is located at the back of the nasal cavity and can become enlarged, leading to breathing difficulties, recurrent infections, and other health issues in children.

Adenoidectomy is often performed in pediatric patients who experience chronic nasal congestion, obstructive sleep apnea, or frequent ear infections connected to adenoid hypertrophy. The primary goal is to alleviate these symptoms and improve the quality of life for the patient.

The other procedures mentioned focus on different anatomical regions and organs. Tonsillectomy involves the removal of the tonsils, which are lymphoid tissues located in the throat but distinct from the adenoids. Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, and cholecystectomy refers to the removal of the gallbladder. Each of these procedures addresses different medical conditions and does not involve the adenoids directly. Thus, the emphasis on removing the adenoids makes adenoidectomy the correct answer to the question.