What type of condition does "asthma" refer to?

Asthma refers to a respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, making it difficult for air to flow in and out of the lungs. Individuals with asthma often experience symptoms such as wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, particularly during physical activity or at night. The condition can be triggered by various factors such as allergens, irritants, or respiratory infections, leading to episodes known as asthma attacks.

The other choices refer to different types of medical conditions. A digestive disorder relates to issues affecting the gastrointestinal tract, a neurological issue involves the nervous system, and a cardiovascular disease pertains to heart and blood vessel disorders. These categories do not align with the characteristics and effects of asthma, which specifically pertains to the respiratory system.